Transgenic organisms are living beings that have been genetically modified to carry DNA from another species, allowing them to express new traits or functions not found in their original genome : 

This is made possible through recombinant DNA technology, where specific genes of interest—such as those conferring resistance to pests, tolerance to herbicides, or production of a useful proteinare inserted into the genome of an organism. One well-known example is Bt corn, a genetically modified crop that contains a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, enabling it to produce a natural insecticide. In medicine, transgenic animals like goats or mice have been developed to produce human proteins in their milk or blood, offering valuable tools for pharmaceutical manufacturing and disease research. Transgenic models are also widely used in laboratories to study gene function and human diseases, such as cancer or neurodegenerative disorders. While transgenic organisms hold enormous promise in agriculture, health, and industry, their use also raises ethical and ecological questions, including concerns about biodiversity, gene flow, and long-term impacts on ecosystems. Despite these debates, transgenic organisms remain a cornerstone of modern biotechnology, enabling targeted, high-precision innovation in ways that were impossible through traditional breeding methods.